The oral cavity hosts a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses, collectively known as the oral microbiome. While many of these microorganisms are harmless or even beneficial under normal conditions, certain opportunistic bacteria can become pathogenic when the balance of the oral microbiome is disrupted. Such imbalances can lead to oral health issues like dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Emerging research also suggests that oral dysbiosis may have implications beyond the mouth, potentially influencing systemic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Maintaining a balanced oral microbiome through proper oral hygiene and regular dental care is essential for both oral and overall health.
Oral pH plays a crucial role in determining which bacteria thrive there. When the mouth becomes too acidic (low pH), harmful bacteria that cause cavities can multiply, leading to tooth decay. Conversely, a more neutral pH helps maintain a healthy balance of bacteria, protecting your teeth and gums. Therefore, monitoring and maintaining a balanced oral pH is essential for good oral health.
This cheek swab test measures:
Certain opportunistic bacteria can become pathogenic when the balance of the oral microbiome is disrupted. Such imbalances, often referred to as dysbiosis, can lead to oral health issues like dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis.
This cheek swab test measures:
Associated with periodontal diseases, this bacterium contributes to gum inflammation and tissue destruction.
Part of the normal oral flora, but overgrowth can lead to periodontal issues.
While commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract, its presence in the oral cavity is linked to endodontic infections and may complicate root canal treatments.
Plays a central role in dental plaque formation and is implicated in periodontal diseases.
Associated with periodontitis, contributing to deep periodontal pockets and bone loss.
Part of the normal oral microbiota, but overgrowth can lead to periodontal infections.
Linked to periodontal diseases and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.
A primary bacterium responsible for dental caries due to its acid-producing capability, leading to tooth enamel demineralisation.
The presence of certain pathogenic bacteria in the oral microbiome is closely linked to the development and progression of periodontal diseases. Monitoring these bacteria is crucial for preventing and managing periodontal diseases, as their overgrowth can disrupt the balance of the oral microbiome and lead to significant oral health issues.
This cheek swab test measures:
This bacterium is associated with aggressive periodontitis, particularly in younger individuals. It produces virulence factors, such as leukotoxin, which can damage periodontal tissues and evade host immune responses.
Recognised as a key pathogen in chronic periodontitis, it contributes to tissue destruction through the production of proteolytic enzymes and modulation of the host’s immune system.
Often found in conjunction with other periodontal pathogens, it is implicated in the progression of periodontal disease due to its ability to adhere to and invade epithelial cells.
This spirochete is associated with severe periodontal conditions, contributing to tissue degradation and inflammation.
While primarily known for infections elsewhere in the body, its presence in the oral cavity can be associated with various oral infections, including periodontal abscesses.
Typically an opportunistic pathogen, its detection in the oral environment, especially in immunocompromised individuals, can lead to oral infections.
These bacteria are generally environmental organisms, but their presence in the oral cavity has been noted, particularly in hospital settings, and may be linked to nosocomial infections.
Part of the normal oral flora, certain species can act as opportunistic pathogens, potentially leading to respiratory tract infections.
Candida are normally present in the mouth without causing harm. However, factors like a weakened immune system, poor oral hygiene, or high-sugar diets can lead to their overgrowth, resulting in oral candidiasis (thrush). This overgrowth can disrupt the balance of the oral microbiome and contribute to various oral health issues.
This cheek swab test measures:
Under certain conditions such as a weakened immune system, poor oral hygiene, or high sugar diets, candida can overgrow leading to oral thrush.
Under certain conditions such as a weakened immune system, poor oral hygiene, or high sugar diets, candida can overgrow leading to oral thrush.
Streptococcus and Lactobacillus are beneficial bacteria that play crucial roles in maintaining oral health. Maintaining a healthy balance of these bacteria is essential for preventing oral diseases and promoting overall well-being.
This cheek swab test measures:
As one of the first bacteria to colonise the mouth after birth, it helps establish a balanced microbial community. It inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria reducing the risk of oral diseases.
These bacteria produce lactic acid which helps maintain an optimal pH balance in the mouth. They also play a role in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, supporting a healthy oral environment.
Take your form to one of our affiliated collection centres to have your sample taken.
Mail your sample back to the lab using the prepaid envelope and packaging provided.
Results for this test typically available in 2 weeks and will be published in your online dashboard.
